This paper sets forth some of the issues to be considered and addressed when entering into a commercial transaction with a federally recognized Indian tribe or tribal entity, a tribally-controlled business enterprise or an Indian-owned, reservation-based business enterprise. This paper deals only with issues of federal law relating specifically to Indian tribes and tribal entities and does not attempt to address considerations relating to general federal laws or regulations regarding interstate commerce or the laws, ordinances or resolutions of particular tribes. These sources should be consulted in each case before entering into any commercial transaction with a tribal enterprise.